Search results for "Amorphous phase"

showing 10 items of 11 documents

Beyond Biodegradability of Poly(lactic acid): Physical and Chemical Stability in Humid Environments

2017

International audience; Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is the most traded biodegradable and biobased material. It is largely used as ecofriendly substitute of conventional plastics. Nevertheless, one of the main limiting factors is its water sensitivity. PLA reacts with water and is hydrolyzed during time, which determines its performance. Limited information related to the hydrolysis mechanism driven by water in vapor state is available in scientific literature. Literature is mainly focused on the effects of water in liquid state. This lack of information is of significant importance, since PLA interacts with water in both phases. This work was aimed to give a full depiction of the chemical and p…

AgingHydrolytic degradationPhosphate-buffered solutionGeneral Chemical EngineeringAmorphous fractions02 engineering and technologyPolylactide010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBioplasticHydrolysischemistry.chemical_compoundGlass-transition[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringEnvironmental ChemistryOrganic chemistryRelative humidityRelative-humidityState of waterPoly(l-lactic acid)Renewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryHydrolysisAmorphous phase[ SDV.IDA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringtechnology industry and agricultureGeneral ChemistryBiodegradationequipment and supplies021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesLactic acidBioplasticLactide copolymersPLADegradation (geology)Chemical stabilityIn-vitro degradation0210 nano-technologyGlass transitionACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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Pressure-induced amorphization of YVO4:Eu3+ nanoboxes

2016

A structural transformation from the zircon-type structure to an amorphous phase has been found in YVO4:Eu3+ nanoboxes at high pressures above 12.7 GPa by means of x-ray diffraction measurements. However, the pair distribution function of the high-pressure phase shows that the local structure of the amorphous phase is similar to the scheelite-type YVO4. These results are confirmed both by Raman spectroscopy and Eu3+ photoluminescence which detect the phase transition to a scheelite-type structure at 10.1 and 9.1 GPa, respectively. The irreversibility of the phase transition is observed with the three techniques after a maximum pressure in the upstroke of around 20 GPa. The existence of two …

DiffractionPhase transitionMaterials sciencePhotoluminescenceAnalytical chemistryBioengineeringNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyNanocrystal010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakePhase (matter)General Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringMechanical EngineeringPair distribution functionGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAmorphous phaseAmorphization0104 chemical sciencesHigh pressureNanocrystalMechanics of MaterialsFISICA APLICADAsymbols0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopy
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Structural study of α-Bi2O3 under pressure

2013

An experimental and theoretical study of the structural properties of monoclinic bismuth oxide (alpha-(BiO3)-O-2) under high pressures is here reported. Both synthetic and mineral bismite powder samples have been compressed up to 45 GPa and their equations of state have been determined with angle-dispersive x-ray diffraction measurements. Experimental results have been also compared with theoretical calculations which suggest the possibility of several phase transitions below 10 GPa. However, experiments reveal only a pressure-induced amorphization between 15 and 25 GPa, depending on sample quality and deviatoric stresses. The amorphous phase has been followed up to 45 GPa and its nature di…

DiffractionTransformationsPhase transitionTheoretical studyMaterials scienceOxideFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementThermodynamicsTheoretical calculationsPhase-transitionsCrystal structureElectrolyteBismuth oxideConductivityBismuthInduced amorphizationElectrolyteschemistry.chemical_compoundPowder samplesGeneral Materials ScienceDeviatoric stressX-ray diffraction measurementsConductivityCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCrystal-structuresCompressibilityAmorphous phaseMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)In-situCondensed Matter PhysicsStructural studieschemistryFISICA APLICADAPressure-induced amorphizationStateMonoclinic crystal system
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Growing length scales in a supercooled liquid close to an interface

2002

We present the results of molecular dynamics computer simulations of a simple glass former close to an interface between the liquid and the frozen amorphous phase of the same material. By investigating F_s(q,z,t), the incoherent intermediate scattering function for particles that have a distance z from the wall, we show that the relaxation dynamics of the particles close to the wall is much slower than the one for particles far away from the wall. For small z the typical relaxation time for F_s(q,z,t) increases like exp(Delta/(z-z_p)), where Delta and z_p are constants. We use the location of the crossover from this law to the bulk behavior to define a first length scale tilde{z}. A differe…

Length scaleScattering functionStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)010304 chemical physicsCondensed matter physicsChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringRelaxation (NMR)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks01 natural sciencesAmorphous phaseMolecular dynamics[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsSupercoolingCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsAnsatzPhilosophical Magazine B
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Comment on “Formation of Large Voids in the Amorphous Phase-Change MemoryGe2Sb2Te5Alloy”

2010

A Comment on the Letter by Zhimei Sun, Jian Zhou, Andreas Blomqvist, Borje Johansson, and Rajeev Ahuja, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 075504 (2009). The authors of the Letter offer a Reply. (See also preceding Comment and Reply in this issue.)

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsAlloyengineeringGeneral Physics and Astronomyengineering.materialAmorphous phasePhysical Review Letters
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Synthesis and nonlinear optical properties of novel N,N-dihydroxyethyl-based molecular organic glasses using triaryl substitutes as amorphous phase f…

2011

In given study a new structural design of molecular NLO materials is presented where amorphous phase formation is achieved by introduction of bulky trityl and triphenylsilyl substituents. Obtained materials formed stable organic glasses with good optical quality and glass transition temperatures notably exceeding ambient. NLO activity was successfully measured in samples that underwent corona discharge poling. The comparison of both enhancer groups revealed, that trityl group increases thermal sustainability of material, while triphenylsilyl group better promotes formation and stability of amorphous phase.

Materials sciencebusiness.industryPolingSecond-harmonic generationNonlinear opticsAmorphous phasechemistry.chemical_compoundNonlinear opticalOpticsAzobenzenechemistryPhysical chemistrybusinessGlass transitionCorona dischargeSPIE Proceedings
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Heterogeneous Photocatalysis and Photoelectrocatalysis: From Unselective Abatement of Noxious Species to Selective Production of High-Value Chemicals

2015

Heterogeneous photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis have been considered as oxidation technologies to abate unselectively noxious species. This article focuses instead on the utilization of these methods for selective syntheses of organic molecules. Some promising reactions have been reported in the presence of various TiO2 samples and the important role played by the amorphous phase has been discussed. The low solubility of most of the organic compounds in water limits the utilization of photocatalysis. Dimethyl carbonate has been proposed as an alternative green organic solvent. The recovery of the products by coupling photocatalysis with pervaporation membrane technology seems to be a…

Membrane reactorSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciQuantum yieldPhotochemistryRedoxchemistry.chemical_compoundPhotocatalysi4-METHOXYBENZYL ALCOHOLANATASEAROMATIC ALCOHOLSTIO2 PHOTOCATALYSISGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolubilityAQUEOUS SUSPENSIONSettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria ChimicaTITANIUM-DIOXIDEChemistryLIGHT IRRADIATIONSubstrate (chemistry)P-ANISALDEHYDEAmorphous phaseWATER OXIDATIONPervaporation membranePARTIAL OXIDATIONChemical engineeringSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaPhotocatalysisPhotoelectrocatalysisDimethyl carbonateWater detoxificationGREEN SYNTHESIS
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Nonlinear optical properties of low molecular organic glasses formed by triphenyl modified chromophores

2012

The series of organic molecular glasses have been studied as possible candidates for nonlinear optical (NLO) applications. Amorphous phase formation of investigated materials is ensured by the presence of bulky triphenyl substituents in molecular structure of NLO chromophores. Linear optical properties as well as NLO coefficients and thermal stability of NLO activity for the 13 molecular materials in glassy thin solid films have been determined. For the benzylidene-1,3-indandione chromophore containing compound the highest d33 value equal to 280 pm/V was measured under the 1064 nm excitation. Among the investigated compounds uppermost achieved thermal sustainability of NLO response was 108 …

Nonlinear opticalMaterials scienceStereochemistryMolecular glassesThermalPhysical chemistryMoleculeThermal stabilityChromophoreAmorphous phaseExcitationIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Several Derivatives of 6-(Tert-Butyl)-4H-Pyran-4-Ylidene Malononitrile with Different Amorphous Phase Promoting Substituents for Light-Amplification …

2019

A series of glassy 6-(tert-butyl)-4H-pyran-4-ylidene malononitrile (DCM) derivatives with covalently attached amorphous state promoting bulky 1,1,1-triphenylmethyl (trityl) moieties through several chemical design approaches have been synthesized and investigated for suitability in organic solid state laser applications. Results showed that the bonding type of such functional groups had a considerable influence on glass structure forming dye thermal properties and a slight influence on their optical properties. Thermal stability up to 346 °C was achieved with glass transitions in the range from 39 to 138 °C. Incorporation of bulky triphenyl substituents via ester groups showed remarkable am…

Tert butylAmplified spontaneous emissionDye laserMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringPhotochemistryAmorphous phasechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMechanics of MaterialsPyranMolecular glassesGeneral Materials ScienceMalononitrileKey Engineering Materials
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An improved molecular design of obtaining NLO active molecular glasses using triphenyl moieties as amorphous phase formation enhancers

2012

New molecular design of obtaining molecular glasses has been developed by linking triphenylmethyl moieties to chromophore core by flexible C-C bridge. Compounds capable of forming stable amorphous phase with good optical quality have been acquired with increased chemical and thermal sustainability compared to the previously reported design. NLO activity of compounds has been measured after corona discharge polling. Compared to previously synthesized trityloxy fragment containing compounds increase of d 33 coefficient by up to 17 times was achieved for the same chromophore core containing compounds.

chemistry.chemical_compoundMaterials scienceAzobenzenechemistryMolecular glassesSecond-harmonic generationNonlinear opticsChromophorePhotochemistryAmorphous phaseCorona dischargeOptical qualitySPIE Proceedings
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